INTESTINAL DISEASES

INTESTINAL DISEASES

Colon’s main job is to absorb water from residual food as it’s passing through your digestive system. It then creates stool (waste).

The colon’s muscles eventually propel the waste out through the rectum to be eliminated. If stool remains in the colon too long, it can become hard and difficult to pass.

Poor diet frequently causes constipation. Dietary fiber and adequate water intake are necessary to help keep stools soft.

Fiber-rich foods are generally made from plants. Fiber comes in soluble and insoluble forms. The soluble fiber can dissolve in water and creates a soft, gel-like material as it passes through the digestive system.

Insoluble fiber retains most of its structure as it goes through the digestive system. Both forms of fiber join with stool, increasing its weight and size while also softening it. This makes it easier to pass through the rectum.

Stress, changes in routine, and conditions that slow muscle contractions of the colon or delay your urge to go may also lead to constipation

Constipation refers to a condition in which there is infrequent bowel movement or difficulty in passage of stools that stay for several weeks or longer. In general terms constipation can be defined as having less than three bowel movements in a week.

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BRISTOL STOOL CHART

Bristol Stool Chart is a scale used to classify the form of human faeces in seven different categories. It is used in both clinical & experimental fields.

IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME

IBS is common disorder that affects large intestine. The symptoms include, repeated pain in abdomen cramping in nature, bloating, excessive gas, mucus in stools & alterations in bowel movements, which include diarrhea, constipation or both.

This can be caused by muscle contraction in intestine, altered signals in nervous system, inflammation of intestine, severe infection or changes in gut microflora.

INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an umbrella term used to describe disorders that involve chronic inflammation of your digestive tract. Types of IBD include:
• Ulcerative colitis. This condition involves inflammation and sores (ulcers) along the superficial lining of your large intestine (colon) and rectum.
• Crohn’s disease. This type of IBD is characterized by inflammation of the lining of your digestive tract, which often can involve the deeper layers of the digestive tract.

Both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease usually are characterized by diarrhea, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, fatigue and weight loss.

IBD can be debilitating and sometimes leads to life-threatening complications Signs and symptoms that are common to both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis include:


• Diarrhea
• Fatigue
• Abdominal pain and cramping
• Blood in your stool
• Reduced appetite
• Unintended weight loss

Various modalities & molecules are available to treat. Early recognition of the disease, starting treatment & managing the flares are of utmost importance.

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